General government gross debt - annual data methods, notes and classification

Public debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year. The general government sector comprises central government, state government, local government, and social security funds. The relevant definitions are provided in Council Regulation 3605/93, as amended. Data for the general government sector are consolidated between sub-sectors at the national level. The series are measured in euro and presented as a percentage of GDP.

• • Unit of measure
    • 0 Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP)
    • 1 Million euro
  • Sector
    • 0 General government
  • National accounts indicator (ESA 2010)
    • 0 Government consolidated gross debt
  • Geopolitical entity (reporting)
    • 0 European Union - 27 countries (from 2020)
    • 1 Euro area – 20 countries (from 2023)
    • 2 Euro area - 19 countries (2015-2022)
    • 3 Belgium
    • 4 Bulgaria
    • 5 Czechia
    • 6 Denmark
    • 7 Germany
    • 8 Estonia
    • 9 Ireland
    • a Greece
    • b Spain
    • c France
    • d Croatia
    • e Italy
    • f Cyprus
    • g Latvia
    • h Lithuania
    • i Luxembourg
    • j Hungary
    • k Malta
    • l Netherlands
    • m Austria
    • n Poland
    • o Portugal
    • p Romania
    • q Slovenia
    • r Slovakia
    • s Finland
    • t Sweden